Modern molecular methods to study the microbial biome and metagenome of agrarian soils
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/acss86-17Keywords:
Microorganisms; Microbial biome; Metagenome; DNA; Soil; Biodiversity; Molecular-biological methodsAbstract
Assess the species structure of mixed cultures and associations of microorganisms without separating them in pure culture in such complex environments, like water and soil made possible by the development of powerful molecular-biology techniques. Over the past decades was developed a series of approaches based on direct extraction and analysis of nucleic acids from samples of soil. So, aim of the work was characterization modern molecular-biological methods and approaches which application opens a new understanding of the phylogenetic and functional diversity of microbial communities of agrarian soils.Molecular approaches such as genetic fingerprinting, screening of clone libraries, DNA microarrays, metagenomics are extremely important for objective, complex evaluation of the qualitative composition and structure of soil microbial communities that are influenced by different farming practices. In manuscript have been briefly described latest advances in molecular microbial ecology with a focus on new methods and approaches to identify the real taxonomic diversity of component of soil microbial biome and new functional genes of microorganisms. This will help in understanding the biogeochemical processes of soil formation and uncovering the mechanisms of interaction in the soil-microorganisms-plant system.
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