The deep fertilizers placement positively effects on their agronomic efficiency and yield of soybean and sunflower on chernozem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/acss94-01Keywords:
available nutrients; fertilizers band placement; hydrothermal conditions; chlorophyll; yieldAbstract
The aim of the research was to study the effect of increasing the depth of mineral fertilizer placement on their agronomic efficiency for crops differed in root system architecture. Available NPK in soil, chlorophyll content in the leaves, and yield of sunflower and soybean were measured in the field small-plot experiments on Luvic Chernozem during three years. It was found a higher efficiency of N60P60K60 placement for sunflower in form of mix of ammonium nitrate, ammophos and potassium chloride on 20-22 cm, and for soybean in form of nitroammophoska by two bands on 10-12 cm and 20-22 cm comparing to the common method of fertilizer applying by one band on the depth 10-12 cm. The maximum yield increase was 15% for soybeans, 36% for sunflower. The content of chlorophyll in leaves might be an additional indicator to optimize the technology of fertilizer application because it has close positive correlation with crops yield (P<0.01, R = 0.76-0.95). The obtained results prove the need for an individual approach in choosing the optimal fertilizer band placement for each crop separately. In general, increased depth of fertilizer band placement is recommend as a measure for adapting agricultural technology to unstable and insufficient moisture.
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