Comparative characteristics of chernozem southern properties on the watershed and slope in the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/acss89-12Keywords:
chernozem southern; erosion; fertility parameters; slope; watershedAbstract
In Ukraine, slope soils cover a large area. Most of them suffer from one of the main types of soil degradation - erosion. Effective erosion control should be built on a scientific basis, with an analysis of the main soil fertility indices for each agro-landscape. The purpose of the study was to compare the basic fertility characteristics of chernozem southern heavy loam on the loess in the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine on the watershed and on the slope to determine the effect of erosion on the slope soil properties. A separate task was to create a set of basic criteria for fertility control from the existing soil physical, physical-chemical and chemical properties. Based on the literature data, the following indicators were selected: content of humus, mobile phosphorus and potassium compounds; percentage of granulometric fraction <0.01 mm; pH of soil solution; bulk density. With field and laboratory studies we determined that the soil on the slope has the following differences compared to the soil on the watershed: reduced (by 25 %) the depth of the humus genetic horizon; less humus content; much lower content of mobile phosphorus, especially in the layer below 40 cm; lower (in the arable layer) content of potassium, which can be a consequence of the water erosion in the top, most humus and fertile, soil layer. The bulk density parameters and the pH of the soil solution do not differ significantly in the profiles of both soils. In terms of the particle size distribution, the soils are loamy throughout the profile and do not differ in the content of particle size fraction <0.01 mm in individual genetic horizons. The findings of the work can be used to further plan land use within the agricultural landscape and taken into account in the development of soil protection technologies and anti-erosion agro-technical measures.
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