Inputs of nutrients to winter wheat plants of different varieties in years, contrasting in weather
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/acss89-06Keywords:
nutrient element; varieties; weather conditions; winter wheatAbstract
The purpose of the research was to compare features of wheat winter plants nutrition cased their variety specify in different weather conditions. The studies carried out on Haplic Chernozem Loamic of the test field in the Kharkiv region during 2018 and 2019. Four varieties which are a national standards of Ukraine (Smuglyanka, Podolyanka, Bunchuk and Rozkishna) and 8 varieties of European selection ((Balitus, Panonicus (Saatzucht Donau, Austria), Arctis, Matrix (Deutsche Saatveredelung AG, Germany), Annitza (Zagreb Bc Institute, Croatia), Bodiček and Dariya (RAGT Semences, Czech Republic)) were studied. Due to the effect of growth dilution, content of N in plants decreased from 3.6-4.2 % in the tillering phase to 1.3-1.6 % in the anthesis phase, P2O5 - from 0.7-0.9 % to 0.3-0.5 %, K2O - from 3.9-4.6 % to 1.5-2.8 % respectively. Depending on the weather condition, the ratio of P2O5 : N in grain and straw varied twice and ratio K2O : N in straw varied in 1.3 times. Differences in NPK consumption between varieties were more in the year with favorable moisture in April-May and stressful conditions after anthesis. According to two-year studies, a group of Ukrainian varieties generally showed less potassium demand than varieties of European selection. Studies showed that under the equal fertilizing, the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the aboveground part of winter wheat plants determined by the weather conditions of the spring-summer period and the varietal specify of nutrition. This leads to wide variation of the ratio phosphorus to nitrogen and potassium to nitrogen in the tissues of vegetating plants, as well as in grain and straw. Genetically determined increased or reduced need in nutrients might be of a permanent nature or might occur under certain hydrothermal conditions during the growing season
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