Abstract.
It was considered properties of brown soils acid of moderately cold zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians (dark brown forest soil), in particular, features a profile differentiation of humus in the humus horizon (Hd + H). It is shown that for compare humus of soil of different climatic zones it should be based on uniform sampling depth testing on this horizon. Confirmed that in high areas (above 700-800 m) humus content in the soil increases significantly (by 2-4 % and more). But morphologically it is not significantly evident and therefore cannot serve as a diagnostic sign for division of soil in the field on a dark brown in cold temperate zone and the light-brown ones in lower warm areas with lower content of humus (2-3 %). It is also proved that the formation under litter of dark gray fine roots penetrated sod-humus horizon Hd, which contains high amounts of humus, nitrogen and exchangeable Ca2 + due to forest vegetation, not grass, which is a liquefied or completely absent. That is, sod process in the brown area takes place also in the forest vegetation. In certain circumstances even formed under forest sod soils brown soil with power Hd horizon of 15-20 cm and more.
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